At other times, [the observer] identifies with the fluctuations.

This sutra describes the ordinary state: when the mind fluctuates, the observer becomes confused with those fluctuations. We believe we are our thoughts, emotions, memories.

• Vṛtti — Mental fluctuations
• Sārūpyam — Identification, taking the same form
• Itaratra — At other times (when there is no yoga)

It is like confusing the reflection in an agitated lake with the moon itself. The practice of yoga allows one to distinguish between the observer and the observed.